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French press is a brewing vessel and a brewing technique consisting of a cylinder-shaped glass and a plunger that is attached to a metal mesh. Coffee is steeped inside the pot, and the mesh is then used to press down the coffee grounds—leaving filtered coffee on the top. Although the name might suggest otherwise, the invention of the French press is often disputed. The prototype was patented in 1852 by the Frenchmen Mayer and Delforge, while the upgraded version, which is more similar to what is used today, was created in the 1920s by Italians Attilio Calimani and Giulio Moneta. Coffee brewed in a French press is viscous and has a rich body and texture, while some coffee particles can be left behind. The French press is one of the most convenient ways of brewing coffee, and it remains one of the most popular home-brewing methods. 

Flat white is a coffee variety that couples a double shot of freshly brewed espresso and milk, which is usually steamed to create a light, silky microfoam. A perfect flat white should have an intense coffee flavor, and milk should only be a complement, not a predominant element, while the froth on top should be less airy and bubbly than in the classic cappuccino or caffè latte. It is believed that the flat white originated sometime in the 1980s, but it is still disputed whether it initially appeared in Australia or New Zealand.

Ristretto, which means restricted in Italian, is half of a single shot of espresso. It differs from a standard espresso not only in the amount of water used for its preparation, but also in flavor, which is less bitter than regular espresso. When prepared in an espresso machine, the regular amount of finely ground coffee is extracted with half the amount of water used for classic espresso. The result is a more concentrated beverage with a different balance of compounds than in standard espresso. The color of ristretto is reminiscent of dark chocolate, while the crema is much lighter than in regular espresso. Ristretto is typically served straight in a demitasse cup

Cappuccino is an Italian coffee made with espresso and steam-foamed milk. It is believed that it developed from kapuziner—a coffee-based beverage that was enjoyed in Austrian coffee houses in the 18th century. The first mention of the word cappuccino in Italy dates back to the 1930s, but at the time the drink was topped with whipped cream, and later it gained its current form with the invention of the espresso machine. Traditional Italian cappuccino is always served in small cups, which are occasionally pre-heated, and it is prepared by pulling a single or a double shot of espresso which is then topped with a light and frothy steamed milk. The recommended ratio in Italy is to have more froth than liquid. Due to its popularity, outside of Italy, cappuccini can significantly differ from their original Italian version, and they can be enjoyed throughout the day, while the Italians would rarely drink them in the afternoon. Interestingly, it is said that the name cappuccino was ...

The authentic affogato combines two Italian classics; a shot of freshly Espresso and a scoop of vanilla or fior di latte gelato . Affogato translates as drowned, referring to the preparation process in which steaming espresso is generously poured over a scoop of gelato .  The ' drowned ice cream' is a dessert born in the 1950s, when bars and icecream parlour began to spread in Italy, immediately becoming an icon to the point of being exported across the border .